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Status:
Available4.7
38 reviewsISBN 10: 0231146787
ISBN 13: 9780231146784
Author: John Rappole
The purpose of migration, regardless of the distance involved, is to exploit two or more environments suitable for survival or reproduction over time, usually on a seasonal basis. Yet individual organisms can practice the phenomenon differently, and birds deploy unique patterns of movement over particular segments of time. Incorporating the latest research on bird migration, this concise, critical assessment offers contemporary readers a firm grasp of what defines an avian migrant, how the organism came to be, what is known about its behavior, and how we can resolve its enduring mysteries. John H. Rappole's sophisticated survey of field data clarifies key ecological, biological, physiological, navigational, and evolutionary concerns. He begins with the very first migrants, who traded a home environment of greater stability for one of greater seasonality, and uses the structure of the annual cycle to examine the difference between migratory birds and their resident counterparts. He ultimately connects these differences to evolutionary milestones that have shaped a migrant lifestyle through natural selection. Rather than catalogue and describe various aspects of bird migration, Rappole considers how the avian migrant fits within a larger ecological frame, enabling a richer understanding of the phenomenon and its critical role in sustaining a hospitable and productive environment. Rappole concludes with a focus on population biology and conservation across time periods, considering the link between bird migration and the spread of disease among birds and humans, and the effects of global warming on migrant breeding ranges, reaction norms, and macroecology.
1. Introduction
Development of Human Understanding of Migration
Origins of Migration
Types of Migration
Patterns of Migration Within Species
Adaptations for Migration
2. Breeding Period
Beginning the Cycle: Arrival at the Breeding Grounds
Site Fidelity and Dispersal
Habitat Selection
Interval Between Arrival and Reproduction
Reproduction
3. Postbreeding Period
Purposes of the Postbreeding Period
Movements and Habitat Use During the Postbreeding Period
Duration of the Postbreeding Period
Timing and Siting of the Prebasic Molt in Relation to Other Major Life Cycle Events
4. Fall Transient Period
Preparation for Departure
Cues for Departure
Timing of Departure Within the Fall Transient Period
Timing of Departure Within the Circadian Period
Migratory Flight
Migration Route
Orientation and Navigation
Stopover
5. Wintering Period
Arrival
Social Structure During the Nonbreeding Period
Nonbreeding/Winter Distribution
6. Spring Transient Period
Preparation for Departure
Cues for Departure
Timing of Departure Within the Spring Transient Period
Timing of Departure Within the Circadian Period
Migratory Flight (Zugstimmung)
Migration Route
Orientation and Navigation
Stopover
Climate Change
7. Population Ecology
Theory
Population Change
Causes of Migrant Population Change
8. Evolution and Biogeography
The Theory
Exaptations Versus Adaptations for Migration
Genetics of Migration
Rapid Development of Migration
Reaction Norms
Population Differentiation
Ornithogeography and Migration Patterns
The World’s Principal Migration Systems
9. Migratory Birds and Pathogen Movement
West Nile Virus
Avian Influenza
10. Connectivity and Conservation
Connectivity
Conservation
11. Conclusion
Migration as a Life History Strategy
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Tags: The Avian Migrant, The Biology, Bird Migration, John Rappole
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