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Terrorist Risk in Urban Outdoor Built Environment by Gabriele Bernardini; Elena Cantatore; Fabio Fatiguso; Enrico Quagliarini ISBN 9789819769650, 9819769655 instant download

  • SKU: EBN-233279456
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4.7

24 reviews
Instant download (eBook) Terrorist Risk in Urban Outdoor Built Environment after payment.
Authors:Gabriele Bernardini; Elena Cantatore; Fabio Fatiguso; Enrico Quagliarini
Pages:135 pages
Year:2025
Edition:Firts
Publisher:Springer
Language:english
File Size:5.17 MB
Format:pdf
ISBNS:9789819769650, 9819769655
Categories: Ebooks

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Terrorist Risk in Urban Outdoor Built Environment by Gabriele Bernardini; Elena Cantatore; Fabio Fatiguso; Enrico Quagliarini ISBN 9789819769650, 9819769655 instant download

Terrorist phenomenon implies complex risks for the urban built environment (BE), due to the combination of perpetrator behaviour, user reaction to possible attacks, and the characterizing features of the BE itself. Among possible scenarios which can attract terrorist acts, outdoor Open Areas (OAs) surely represent critical conditions especially since they are ideal “soft targets”. On one side, OAs can be affected by(over)crowding, as well as can have a symbolic value due to the intended uses hosted outdoors and in the facing buildings. On the other side, OAs are also generally characterized by nonstructured protection measures due to the possibility to host public, contrarily to “hard targets”, such as government buildings or critical infrastructures, where restricted access areas, control systems, and security strategies are widely implemented. This chapter traces the principles for understanding terroristic phenomenon in OAs, and provides basic insights to move from the phenomenology of terrorist acts to the definition of Risk Mitigation and Reduction Strategies according to guidelines and normative framework. The role of user behaviour in such sudden-onset emergencies is also discussed by underlining the connection between the terrorist act, the OAs features and the implemented solutions, since these events can also generally imply the activation of evacuation as one of the most effective protection measures to increase users’ safety levels.
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