Synthetic Active Liquid Crystals Powered by Acoustic Waves by Andrey Sokolov,* Jaideep Katuri, Juan J. de Pablo, and Alexey Snezhko instant download

Synthetic Active Liquid Crystals Powered by Acoustic Waves by Andrey Sokolov,* Jaideep Katuri, Juan J. de Pablo, and Alexey Snezhko instant download

Active nematic materials combine orientational order with activity at theforces and generated active stresses. Activeturbulence in nematic materials inevitablymicroscopic level. Current experimental realizations of active nematicscoexists with another intriguing pheinclude vibrating elongated particles, cell layers, suspensions of elongatednomenon - continuous proliferation andannihilation of topological defects,[10–13]bacteria, and a mixture of bio-filaments with molecular motors. The majoritylocalized singularities of the order paramof active nematics are of biological origin. The realization of a fully syntheticeter, and is a subject of extensive study.active liquid crystal comprised of a lyotropic chromonic liquid crystalWith the notable exception of classicalenergized by ultrasonic waves, is reported. This synthetic active liquid crystalgranular nematic systems comprised ofis free from biological degradation and variability, exhibits phenomenologyvertically vibrated elongated particles (rods,ellipses, etc.) demonstrating nematic orderassociated with active nematics, and enables precise and rapid activity controling, giant number fluctuations, and richover a significantly extended range. It is demonstrated that the energy of thedefect dynamics,[5,14–17] the vast majorityacoustic field is converted into microscopic extensile stresses disruptingof active nematic systems is of biologilong-range nematic order and giving rise to an undulation instability andcal origin.[18,19] The leading example is aproliferation of topological defects. The emergence of unconventionalmixture of filamentary proteins and molecular motors that generate activity throughfree-standing persistent vortices in the nematic director field at high activityadenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysislevels is revealed. The results provide a foundation for the design of externallyconverting chemical energy into a mechanenergized active liquid crystals with stable material properties and tunableic