(Ebook) Social security and welfare concepts and comparisons 1st Edition by Robert Walker ISBN 0335209343 9780335209347

(Ebook) Social security and welfare concepts and comparisons 1st Edition by Robert Walker ISBN 0335209343 9780335209347

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ISBN 10: 0335209343 
ISBN 13: 9780335209347
Author: Robert Walker

What are the objectives of social security and social assistance provisions? How can we establish whether these provisions are effective? How do countries differ in the design and effectiveness of their social security systems?This introductory textbook provides a foundation for the systematic study of social security and means-tested social assistance. The book is structured around a model of policy evaluation, which focuses attention on the multiple objectives and outcomes of social security and provides the basis for a multi-disciplinary approach. It progresses from an examination of the varied objectives of social security, via a consideration of key implementation issues, to the establishment of measures of effectiveness and efficiency. Throughout the text theoretical issues are illustrated with reference to the experiences of six countries: the United Kingdom, the USA, Australia, Germany, Sweden and South Korea, to provide an international comparative framework. This is a key textbook for students of social and public policy and economics and essential reading for anyone interested in social security, social welfare and the welfare state.

(Ebook) Social security and welfare concepts and comparisons 1st Table of contents:

Part 1 Objectives
Chapter 1 Words, Meaning and the importance of context
The liberation of difference
The importance of context
Liberal welfare regimes
Social democratic welfare regimes
Conservative welfare regimes
Additional welfare regimes
Closing summary
Further reading
Words matter
Chapter 2 Aims and Objectives
Systems and schemes
System aims, policy objectives and functions
Aims
Objectives
Functions
Examples of aims
Alleviation of poverty
Income maintenance and replacement
Promoting social cohesion
Protection against risk
Redistribution
Compensation
Promotion of economic efficiency
Behavioural change
On objectives
An important extension
Closing summary
Further reading
Chapter 3 Functions and Constraints
Types of function
Provision for need
Maintenance of circumstances
Developing potential
Changing behaviour
Remedying disadvantage
Reproducing disadvantage
Producing disadvantage
Types of constraint
Political
Economic
Social
Administrative
Closing summary
Further reading
Part 2 Mechanisms
Chapter 4 Financing
Why financing is important
Rationale for social spending: limits on individual saving
Funding mechanisms
Insurance
Collective transfers
Closing summary
Further reading
Chapter 5 Allocation and Administration
Routes to entitlement
The insurance route
The citizenship route
The means-tested route
Institutions
National government
Sub-national government
Social partnerships
Private insurance and pensions
Contractors
Benefit administration
Entry and application
Verification and decision-making
Payment, review and sanction
Appeals
Closing summary
Further reading
Part 3 Effectiveness
Chapter 6 Income Replacement and Compensation
Income replacement
Determining replacement rates
Assessing replacement rates
Compensation
Income loss
Lowered living standards
Loss of participation
Assessment
Closing summary
Further reading
Chapter 7 Tackling Poverty, Guaranteeing Sufficiency
Defining adequacy
Determining the adequacy standard
Normative judgement: budget standards
Attitudinal assessment
Arbitrary determination
Dynamism
Assessing adequacy
Closing summary
Further reading
Chapter 8 Redistribution of Income
Vertical redistribution
Purpose
Mechanisms
Measurement
Horizontal redistribution
Territorial redistribution
Life-course redistribution
Closing summary
Further reading
Part 4 Efficiency
Chapter 9 Target Efficiency
Concepts and measurement
Internal targeting efficiency
External targeting efficiency
Benefits to the non-needy
Mismatch in target populations
Population and benefit dynamics
Fraud and abuse
Mal-administration
Measurement error
Reasons for unmet need
Inadequate benefit levels and limited coverage
Low take-up
Closing summary
Further reading
Chapter 10 Economic Efficiency
Shaping economic structures
Altering incentives
The unemployment trap
The poverty trap
The savings trap
Behavioural responses
Benefit dependency and duration
Reservation wages
Work-rich, work-poor families
Uncertainty and risk
Policy responses
Directing behaviour
Structural reform
Closing summary
Further reading
Chapter 11 Administrative Efficiency
Intermediate outcomes
Delivery and volume
Speed of service
Accuracy and adequacy
User efficiency
Access
Quality of treatment
Security
Management of resources
Personnel
Information technology
Performance management
Internal audit
External audit
Closing summary
Further reading
Part 5 Contemporary Influences
Chapter 12 Individualization and Social Change
Individualization
Diversity
Gender relations
Racial and ethnic diversity
Diversity of lifestyles
Employment and family
Solidarity
Closing summary
Further reading
Chapter 13 Globalization and Internationalism
Globalization
Policy competition
Flexible labour markets
Migration
Internationalism
Policy learning
International organizations and supra-national governance
Social security on a global scale?
Further reading
Postscript
Glossary

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