(Ebook) Make And Let Die: Untimely Sovereignties by Kathleen Biddick ISBN 9780988234048, 0988234041

(Ebook) Make And Let Die: Untimely Sovereignties by Kathleen Biddick ISBN 9780988234048, 0988234041

This collection of essays by one of medieval studies’ most brilliant historians argues that the analysis and critique of biopower, as conventionally defined by Michel Foucault and then widely assumed in much contemporary theory of sovereignty, is a sovereign mode of temporalization caught up in the very time-machine it ostensibly seeks to expose and dismantle. For Michel Foucault, biopower (epitomized in his maxim “to make live and to let die”) is the defining sign of the modern, and he famously argued that the task of political philosophy was to cut off the head of the classical (premodern) sovereign, the one “who made die and let live.” Entrapped by his supersessionary thinking on the question, Foucault argued that the maxim of “to make live and let die” of modern sovereignty superseded a premodern sovereignty characterized by the contrasting power “to make die and let live.” The essays collected in Biddick’s book (some reprinted and some published here for the first time) argue that Foucault spoke too soon about the supposed “then” of the classical sovereign and the modern “now,” and this became painfully apparent in his analysis of Nazism in his later lectures, Society Must be Defended. There Foucault groped to articulate an anguishing paradox: How could it be that the Nazis, as the ultimate biopolitical sovereign machine, would insist on an archaic (premodern) mode of sovereignty in their death camps? Here is how he posed the question in that lecture: “How can the power of death, the function of death, be exercised in a political system centered upon biopower?” Foucault left this question hanging. What Foucault did not ask, and what this collection of essays poses is: how are “to make die” and “to let die” entangled by time, space, matter, and the archival traces of such interactions? Biddick contends that these modes of deathly biopower do not supersede each other as Foucault argued. Make and Let Die: Untimely Sovereignties claims that there is a living death in the “make die” of the so-called classical sovereign and also in the “make live” of the modern biopolitical sovereign. These living deaths are untimely. Only the refusal among contemporary theorists to read the archives of medieval Christendom’s sovereignty (which constituted itself by naming various enemies, most notably Muslims and Jews) has foreclosed even mention of such entanglements. Biddick artfully decrypts the medieval traces of “make live” in “make die,” and also in “let die.” When these dynamic temporal modes of death inhabiting “to make die” and “to let die” are better understood, the static, ahistorical aspects of contemporary biopolitical discourse fall away. Further, this collection of essays, both individually and collectively, argues that in view of the ever intensifying global mobilization of “to make die” and to “let die,” there is something ob/scene, and in need of more critical attention, in the contemporary theoretical embrace of the messianic (as in the work of Walter Benjamin, Giorgio Agamben, Roberto Esposito, and Jacques Derrida).