M2 macrophages-derived exosomes for osteonecrosis of femoral head treatment: modulating neutrophil extracellular traps formation and endothelial phenotype transition by Guanzhi Liu & Ruomu Cao & Qimeng Liu & Heng Li & Peng Yan & Kunzheng Wang & Run Tian & Pei Yang ISBN 101038/S41413025004125 instant download

M2 macrophages-derived exosomes for osteonecrosis of femoral head treatment: modulating neutrophil extracellular traps formation and endothelial phenotype transition by Guanzhi Liu & Ruomu Cao & Qimeng Liu & Heng Li & Peng Yan & Kunzheng Wang & Run Tian & Pei Yang ISBN 101038/S41413025004125 instant download

Exosomes have shown good potential in ischemic injury disease treatments. However, evidence about their effect and molecularmechanisms in osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH) treatment is still limited. Here, we revealed the cell biology characters ofONFH osteonecrosis area bone tissue in single cell scale and thus identified a novel ONFH treatment approach based on M2macrophages-derived exosomes (M2-Exos). We further show that M2-Exos are highly effective in the treatment of ONFH bymodulating the phenotypes communication between neutrophil and endothelium including neutrophil extracellular trapsformation and endothelial phenotype transition. Additionally, we identified that M2-Exos’ therapeutic effect is attributed to thehigh content of miR-93-5p and constructed miR-93-5p overexpression model in vitro and in vivo based on lentivirus and adenoassociated virus respectively. Then we found miR-93-5p can not only reduce neutrophil extracellular traps formation but also1234567890();,:improve angiogenic ability of endothelial cells. These results provided a new theoretical basis for the clinical application oftherapeutic exosomes.Bone Research (2025) 13:42 ;