(Ebook) Innovations in Refugee Protection A Compendium of UNHCR s 60 Years 1st Edition by Luise Druke ISBN 9783631634509 3631634501

(Ebook) Innovations in Refugee Protection A Compendium of UNHCR s 60 Years 1st Edition by Luise Druke ISBN 9783631634509 3631634501

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ISBN 10: 3631634501
ISBN 13: 9783631634509
Author: Luise Druke

(Ebook) Innovations in Refugee Protection A Compendium of UNHCR s 60 Years 1st Edition Table of contents:

Part I

Early Alerts & New Partnerships with IT Communities

Preface

Part A

1. Introduction

2. Background

UNHCR

Novel Initiatives by UNHCR

3. Brief Review of Selected UN Early Alert Initiatives

3.1 In the Context of Human Rights and Refugees

3.1.1 UN Human Rights Commission

3.1.2 The Office of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

3.1.3 UN Department of Political Affairs (DPA)

3.2 Analysis of Past Efforts

Part B

4. Selected New Partnerships with Information and Technological Communities (ITCs)

4.1 External Developments

4.2 ITCs, Volunteer & Tech. Communities (V & TCs), Crisis Mapping & Crowdsourcing

Recent V&TC Initiatives, Organizations, Platforms, and Operations

InSTEDD

Ushahidi

Standby Task Force (SBTF)

MapAction

4.3 Innovative Institutional Efforts of Academic & UN Bodies with ITCs and V&TCs

4.3.1 Harvard Humanitarian Initiative (HHI)

4.3.2 UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)

(ReliefWeb and the Humanitarian Early Warning Service [HEWSweb])

4.3.3 UNHCR

Contemporary initiatives and initial results

4.4 Analysis of Current Efforts

4.4.1 Challenges

Information Management and Verification

Security and Safety

A New Set of Global Protocols for Humanitarian Aid

Overreliance on Technology?

Big Data and the Nature of Information

4.4.2 Potentials

5. Final remarks: Summary of results, Lessons and Conclusions

Summary of results

6. Exhibits

6.1 Photos

6.2 UNHCR partners with Microsoft and HP in Dadaab to boost refugee education and livelihoods through ICT

6.3 General Early Warning & Early Alert Initiatives (2012)

6.4 Key Developments in the United Nations in Humanitarian Early Warning and Early Action, 2008

6.5 UNHCR’s Refugee Emergency Alert System (REAS)

6.5.1 Note for the File on “Early warning systems”, 4 February, 1986 by Michel Moussalli, then the UNHCR Director for International Protection

6.5.2 Memorandum on “UNHCR Refugee Emergency Alert System (REAS), by O. Bakhet, Head Technical Support Service, UNHCR, 31 January 1989

6.5.3 Memorandum on “UNHCR Refugee Emergency Alert System (REAS)”, by R. White, Chief, Emergency Unit, UNHCR, 31 January 1989

6.5.4 Memorandum on “Future directions for the UNHCR Early Warning Working group”, from UNHCR EWWG to the Reg. Directors, UNHCR, 1 March 1990

6.5.5 Inter-Office Memorandum No. 70/90 and Field-Office Memorandum No. 58/90 by the High Commissioner on the “Establishment of a Working Group on Early Warning”, 21 June 1990

6.5.6 Memorandum to Erika Feller and Hans Thoolen, from Robert White, 4 June 1991 – REAS Revised Questionnaire

6.5.7 Refugee Emergency Alert System: UNHCR Handbook for Emergencies, 1991, p. 17

6.6 Letter from Former UN High Commissioner for Refugees Sadruddin Aga Khan to the author

7. References

Vietnamese Boat People in Singapore – Creation of the Disembarkation Resettlement Offer (DISERO) Contributed to Rescue at Sea of over 67,000

Preface

Part A

1. Introduction

2. Background

2.1 Historical Aspects

2.2 Urgency

2.3 The Magnitude of the Crisis

Country/territory 1975–79, 1980–84, 1985–89, 1990–95 Cumulative of first asylum 1975–95 Vietnamese boat people

3. Regional Perspectives – Legal and Policy Aspects

3.1 No ASEAN States were 1951 Refugee Convention/1967 Protocol State Parties

3.2 Early Efforts for Safe Arrangements

3.3 The 1979 and 1989 Geneva International Conferences Producing Policy Changes

The July 1979 International Conference

Turn of events through the 1989 International Conference

Part B

4. Emergency response in Singapore with Focus on the Period of 1978-1981

The beginning

4.1 The DISERO – A Milestone for Refugee Protection

4.2 Delivering Protection through Division of Labor

With proactive involvement of the refugees themselves

4.3 Restoring Dignity and Hope with and for the Refugees

Refugee Initiatives in Hawkins Road

5. Unprecedented Challenges and Analysis of Facts – Looking Back

5.1 Collecting, Analyzing, and Evaluating Surveys

5.2 Analysis of Motivations to Escape from Vietnam

5.2.1 Push factors

1. Family reunification

2. Racial and political discrimination

3. Re-education policies and New Economic Zones (NEZ)

4. Mandatory military conscription

5. Incompetence in government

6. Lack of freedom of political opinion and religion

7. Deliberate change of social and economic policies

5.2.2 Pull factors

1. Resettlement in the West

2. No return policy to Vietnam until 1989

3. Absence of screening and the impossibility of voluntary repatriation

4. Prospects of rescue at sea (extraordinary efforts of mercy ships, especially Cap Anamur, which from September 1979 to May 1982 rescued 9,507 boat people from 194 boats; see details below and the full list in Exhibit 3b)

5. United Nations aid in camps in neighboring countries

6. Overseas Vietnamese lobby for aid and resettlement abroad

5.3 Extraordinary Initiatives of Rescue at Sea

L’Ile de Lumière

Final Remarks: Summary, Lessons, and Conclusions

Summary

Lessons: UNHCR’s ability to adapt is one of the keys to its success

Conclusions

Exhibits

1. List of Vessels with Vietnamese Rescued at Sea

1a) Granted Permission for Disembarkation in Singapore

a. Temporary Asylum Granted

1b) Refused Permission for disembarkation in Singapore

2. DISERO

2a) Guidelines

2b) Rescue at Sea Statistics

3. Founding the Committee Cap Anamur

3a) Preparatory session of the press conference hosted by Rupert and Christel Neudeck, with Heinrich Böll, André Glucksmann, Curt Hondrich, Jutta Kuehn, and Luise Drüke in Bonn, 18 April 1979

3b) CAP ANAMUR I (September ‘79-May ‘82): Rescued 9,507 boat people from 194 boats (plus 225 from 3 boats bringing the total for Cap Anamur I to 9.732 rescued persons)

4. Cumulative Indochinese Arrivals, Departures, and Residual Caseload, 1975-1997

5. Operational Aspects

5.1 Diagram of Refugee Protection and Assistance in Singapore

5.2 UNHCR Staff

5.3 Refugee Committee and Camp Leaders

5.4 Refugee Camp Layout

5.5 Flowchart for refugee processing

5.6 A Letter from Former Camp Leader, Tran Anh Kiet

6. Articles by Scholars, Journalists, and Volunteers

6.1 Exodus Indochina

6.2 Local Perspective

6.2.1 Viet Refugee Camp Model of Harmony

6.2.2 The Sound of Freedom by Meredith Kennedy

6.2.3 Appeal from the Refugee Camp

English Translation

7. Refugee Initiatives in the Camp with Support of UNHCR

7.1 Songbook in Vietnamese and English

7.2 Witness (N han chung) with TRACING Messages of Vietnamese Boat People to find Family Members and Friends

8. Photos and Testimonials of former Refugees and UNHCR Colleagues

8.1 Photos

8.2 Testimonials of Former Vietnamese Refugees and UNHCR Colleagues

8.2.1 Family Tina and Chuan N. Pham and Rosie H. Nguyen, August 2012 in Los Angeles

8.2.2 Thomas H. Nguyen, during a meeting in Hamburg end December 2012

8.2.3 Nam Le Son, June 2013 in Hannover

8.2.4 Dang Chau Lam, June 2013 in Hannover

8.2.5 Hari Brissimi, Chief of Counseling, Education and Resettlement, UNHCR Geneva, March 1979

8.2.6 R. Sampatkumar, Reg. Representavice, UNHCR Kuala Lumpur for South East Asia, Jan. 1979

8.2.7 Alan J. F. Simmance, Reg. Representative for Western South Asia, Bangkok, July 1981

References

Chile: Exile and Return under Dictatorship

Preface by Roberto Garretón Merino

1. Introduction

Part A

2. Brief Historical Background

2.1 What led to the coup of 11 September 1973?

2.2 Systematic persecution targeting foreign refugees and Chileans

3. Historical aspects related to asylum & refugee protection

3.1 The international refugee regime (1951 Refugee Convention ratified)

3.2 Diplomatic asylum and the regional American regime of asylum

3.3 National Decree Laws and the 1980 Constitution

Part B: Selected UNHCR field work (1973-4) and (1983-5)

4. Facilitating innovative measures immediately after the coup (1973/74)

4.1 Protecting foreign refugees (initially) in “safe havens” within the country

September

October

November

December

4.2 Obtaining support for resettlement abroad

5. Supporting refugee rights during the continuing dictatorship (1983-5)

FASIC (Fundación de Ayuda Social de las Iglesias Cristianas)

Vicaría de la Solidaridad (consultative relationship)

Comisión Chilena de Derechos Humanos (CCDH; consultative relationship)

The Comité Pro-Retorno de Exiliados (COPROREX; consultative relationship)

World University Service (WUS; consultative Relationship)

5.1 Protection abroad through family reunion

5.2 Formally ending exile for thousands of Chileans

5.3 The evolving political scene since 1983

Part C: Assessment

6. Reflecting on 40 years after the coup with personal testimonies

6.1 Testimonies of Chilean exiles in Hannover, Germany after 1973

The following are extracts from an account on the first Chilean exiles arriving in Hannover, Germany in mid December 1973

The Chileans came with light luggage and heavy memories on 19 December 1973.

Roberto (Medical Doctor)

Horacio Riquelme (Dr. med, Dr. phil.), Professor at the University of Hamburg

Ivan Ballesteros (Civil Engineer from the University of Hannover)

6.2 The Workshop on “Exile and Individual Return under Dictatorship” under Dictatorship: Personal narratives of exiles, human rights defenders, and intergenerational “stayee” representatives, collected in 2013 on the fortieth anniversary of the coup

Helena Olea: Professor of Refugee and Migration Law

Ned Strong, Director, Harvard University’s David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies in Santiago Chile

Rinetta Corradi (Social Worker)

Edith Perez (Educator – Graduate from the University of Hannover)

Raul Squadritto (Economist)

Roberto Garretón, (Attorney, fr. Ambassador and ex Lawyer, Vicariate)

Jaime Esponda Fernandez, (Attorney, fr. Director National Office of Return and ex Lawyer, Vicariate)

Ricardo Brodsky, Director of the Museum of Memory and Human Rights

Mathias Meier, (Graduate in Journalism, TV Producer at the National Chilean Televison)

Macarena González Santis (MA in Marketing, Customer Service Manager at Entel (a telecom. company))

Ian Gibson Surrey (Medical student and helped to prepare the video on the workshop)

Comments on the Workshop

7. Final remarks: Summary and Conclusions

Epilogue by Clara Alarcón (pseudonym), a stayee

Exhibits

1. Photos taken between 1973 in Hannover, Germany and 2013 in Santiago, Chile

40th anniversary after the military coup – 11 September 2013 – Chile Agradece

2. Decree 1308 Authorizing the Functioning of the National Commission for Aid to Refugees (CONAR) of 3 October 1973

3. UNHCR Note verbale SANT 187of 25 March 1985 to confirm that those Chilean exiles not in the list have no impediment to return

4. Ministry of Foreign Affairs Note verbale, No. 09176 of 25 April 1985

5. a) Statistics on Exile

5. b) Resettlement and Family Reunion (UNHCR) through March 1985

6. Individual Voluntary Returns through 1985

7. Legal Status of the Chileans in Hannover

8. Voluntary Returns

a) Under Dictatorship 1976-1989

b) Return under ONR

9. Selected Articles (September 1973-1988) Pertaining to Refugees and Exiles

10. Tribute to UNHCR of the Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs, 1991

11. National Office of Return (NOR) & National refugee law

a) The Establishment of the National Office for Returning Exiles (Oficina Nacional de Retorno) ONR (1990-1994), a State Agency: Law 18.994

b) New National Refugee Law, 2010

New Refugee Law, March 2010

References

Repatriation of Namibians through Angola (with UNTAG)

Preface

1. Introduction

Part A

2. Historical Context

2.1 Namibia’s Road Toward Freedom

2.2 The Crystallization of the Political Process

3. Legal and Political Basis – The Geopolitical Environment

3.1 Favorable International Climate in Support of an Independent Namibia

3.2 The UN Transition Assistance Group (UNTAG) Mandate and Mission

3.3 UNHCR’s Mission within UNTAG’s Plan, including Angola

Part B

4. Challenges

4.1 Singularity of the Namibian Repatriation Operation

4.2 UN Demilitarization of Liberation Fighters

4.3 Returnees’ Challenges in Namibia

5. Accomplishments

5.1 Flexibility

5.2 Reaching Goals Despite Obstacles

5.3 Participation of the Refugees

6. Results, Lessons Learned, and Conclusions

6.1 Results

6.2 Lessons Learned

6.3 Conclusions

Exhibits

1. UN Security Council Resolution 435, 29 September 1978

2. Chronology of the Implementation

As foreseen in UN Security Council Resolution 435

3. Time Chart, Repatriation: Operation in Angola and Zambia, 1989

4. Staffing Organigram Angola

5. Namibia Repatriation, Actual Mission Staffing, 1 August – 30 November 1989

6. Mission Report Summary: Namibian Repatriation Operation from Angola, 17 October 1989

7. Photos

8. Maps

9. Letter from the UN High Commissioner for Refugees Thorvald Stoltenberg to the author

References

Part II

UNHCR Background Note

Introduction

UNHCR and the 1951 Refugee Convention at 60

The Mandate: Mobilizing and Innovating Fresh Support for Refugee Protection

Looking Back

Operational Challenges

Protection Issues

Selected Contemporary Situations

Palenstinian Refugees

“The Arab Spring”

Post-9/11 Security challenges

Relevance for Years to Come

Conclusion

References

Exhibits

1. UN High Commissioners for Refugees: Over Sixty Years of Innovation for International Refugee Protection

2. Refugee Populations, 1951 – 2010 from UNHCR’s Database received with the kind sistance of Tarek Abou Chabake and Jean Francois Durieux, UNHCR Department of Operations, eneva of 15 June 2011

3. UN Member States and 1951 Convention/1967 Protocol Signatory States

4. UNHCR Maps received with the kind assistance of Laurent Dusonchet, Dep. of Operations, UNHCR Geneva, 15 June 2013

5. Letter from the Acting High Commissioner for Refugees to the author of 2005

6. Global Representatives Meeting with High Commissioner Ogata. April 1996

Teaching Note

Preface

Introduction

Synopsis

Overall Learning Objectives

Teaching Plan and Case Analysis

Overall Assignment Questions

Overview of Cases

a) Case Studies Presented in this Book

b) Further Topical Issues

Case Study 1: Early Alert and New Partnerships with IT Communities

Suggested simulation: Crowdsourcing to Get Out of Harm’s Way, via SMS message or other means

Case Study Two: Singapore

Suggested simulation: Dovetailing Interests in Negotiation

Case Study Three: Chile

Suggested simulation: Soft Power

Case Study Four: The Namibian Repatriation Operation (1989)

Suggested simulation: “Lost in Translation”

Additional Cases

1. Gender Asylum: History and Timeline

2. Teaching guide of Statelessness

Introduction

Why teach about statelessness

3. Refugees and Displacement/Human Rights Work in a Post-conflict Environment

References

International Refugee Law

Key Texts

International Instruments

National Legislation

Legal Decisions

Policies & Procedures

Research Guides

Concluding Remarks

Reflecting on lessons from the past to enhance UNHCR’s innovative protection in the future

Lessons Learned

Early Alert and New Partnerships with IT Communities

Contrasting UNHCR’s Operation with respect to Signatory and Non-Signatory States

Namibian Repatriation Operation in Angola

Epilogue: My engagement in refugee work

As a volunteer

As an UNHCR official

References

Introduction

Case Study One: Early Alerts and New ITc Partnerships

Case Study Two Singapore

Case Study Three: Chile

Case Study Four Namibia Repatriation through Angola

UNHCR Background Note

Teaching Note

International Refugee Law

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