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(Ebook) Ideology and Organization in Communist China 1st Edition by Franz Schurmann ISBN 9780520311152 0520311159

  • SKU: EBN-51820988
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Authors:Franz Schurmann
Pages:700 pages.
Year:2020
Editon:Reprint 2020
Publisher:University of California Press
Language:english
File Size:52.61 MB
Format:pdf
ISBNS:9780520311152, 0520311159
Categories: Ebooks

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(Ebook) Ideology and Organization in Communist China 1st Edition by Franz Schurmann ISBN 9780520311152 0520311159

(Ebook) Ideology and Organization in Communist China 1st Edition by Franz Schurmann - Ebook PDF Instant Download/Delivery: 9780520311152 ,0520311159
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ISBN 10: 0520311159
ISBN 13: 9780520311152
Author: Franz Schurmann

In 1949 a powerful political-military movement, led by the Chinese Communist party, gained control of war-ravaged China, inheriting a disorganized administration and a society eroded by decades of revolution. Within a short time China was so radically transformed politically, economically, and socially that it appeared to have cut all links with the past. The instruments of that transformation were ideology and organization. Today, seventeen years later, the ideology and the organizational network, despite changes, remain as powerful as they were in 1949. They still hold that vast country together politically and determine its economic and social development. This book, after a discussion of ideology in its first part, attempts to answer the question how Chinese Communist organization functions and why it is so successful. The second part analyzes the organization of Party and government, emphasizing methods of command and administration. The third part looks at industrial organization: the problems of management and control, especially the continuing struggle between the professionals and the politicians. The fourth part investigates the Chinese Communist methods of organizing their cities and villages, tracing the history of village organization from traditional times through the Yenan period, the land reform of the late 1940's, and the collectivization of the mid-1950's to communization in 1958. Although organization has been constantly changing in China, basic patterns ar apparent. The book analyzes the most characteristic pattern in all aspects of organization, the conflict between two incompatible elements or, in the Chinese Communist terms, "contradictions." The basic contradiction is that between professional ("expert") and political ("red") elements. This contradiction dominates the two distinctive periods in the short history of Communist China, the First Five-Year Plan (1953 - 1957) and the so-called Great Leap Forward (1958 - 1960). The book describes how the Chinese Communists attempted during the former period to emulate the Soviet organizational experience, with stress on techniques and technology; and during the latter period to use their own organizational methods to achieve economic progress. The presentation of the contrast between these two models of organization sheds light on the significant differences between the Soviet Union and Communist China. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1966.
 

(Ebook) Ideology and Organization in Communist China 1st Edition Table of contents:

CHAPTER I

DEFINITIONS

PURE AND PRACTICAL IDEOLOGY Theory and Thought

Weltanschauung

Ideology and Behavior

The Theory of Contradictions

IDEOLOGY IN ACTION A System of Communications

The Mass Media

The Function of Ideology in.Organization

THE DIALECTICAL CONCEPTION OF CHINESE SOCIETY

The Dialectic of the Economy

The Dialectic of the State

The Dialectic of Society

The Resolution of Contradictions

CHAPTER II

SOVIET AND CHINESE CONCEPTIONS The Party as Organization

Party and State

State and Society

Nation

THE PARTY RULES

The General Outline of the Party Rules

THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PARTY

THE STRUCTURE OF THE PARTY

The Central Organizations of the Party

The Organization of the Party in the Provinces

The Organization of the Party in the Hsien and Cities

Basic-Level Party Organization

Other Party Organizations

THE PARTY CADRE The Cadre Concept and its Development

Sources of Recruitment

GOVERNMENT GENERAL TRENDS IN ADMINISTRATION

CENTRAL GOVERNMENT

The State Council

The Military Branch

The Judicial Branch

VERTICAL RULE AND DUAL RULE

DECENTRALIZATION

REGIONAL GOVERNMENT

POWER AT THE PROVINCIAL LEVELS

CHAPTER IV

BUREAUCRACY AND MANAGEMENT Distinctions

Business and Industry,

The Dichotomy between Policy and Operations

Organizational Unity

Personal Relationships in Chinese Management

Technical and Human Organization

Leadership Alternatives for Management

Policy and Bureaucratism

THE SOVIET MODEL OF MANAGEMENT Rebuilding Management

The Responsibility System

One-man Management

THE ATTACK ON ONE-MAN MANAGEMENT Criticisms

One-Man Management and Kao Kang

The Intensifying Critique

A Chinese View of Soviet Methods

THE GROWTH OF PARTY AUTHORITY OVER MANAGEMENT The Abolition of One-man Management

Management Under Collective Leadership

The Great Leap Forward Conception of Management

TOWARD A MORE FLEXIBLE CONCEPTION OF MANAGEMENT

CONTROL CONCEPTS

Methods of Control in the Soviet Union and in Communist China

THE CREATION OF A CONTROL SYSTEM The Beginnings of Control Work

Control Correspondents and Denunciation

The Building Up of a Control Network

ECONOMIC CONTROL The Growing Concern with Economic Control

The Introduction of the Harbin System

Political and Economic Aspects of the Harbin System

The Harbin System as an Independent Control Structure

POLITICAL CONTROL The Shift Back to Political Controls

The Shift to Internal Controls

The Consummation of the Process

An Exception to the Trend

PURGES Rightism in the Ministry of State Control

The Second Stage of the Attack

The End of State Control Work

The Aftermath

CHAPTER VI

PRE-COMMUNIST URBAN ORGANIZATION Chinese Cities Before 1949

Paochia

URBAN ORGANIZATION DURING THE EARLY 1 9 5 0'S The Communist Takeover

The Residents Committees

URBAN ORGANIZATION DURING THE GREAT LEAP FORWARD Conditions Leading to the Urban Communes

Formation of the Urban Communes

The Chengchow Urban Commune

The Urban Commune as a Unit of Administration,

THE CONTEMPORARY URBAN SITUATION The Exodus from the Cities

The Dilemma of the Cities

CHAPTER VII

PEASANTRY AND VILLAGE IN TRADITIONAL CHINA State and Village

Lichia and Paochia

CHINESE COMMUNISM ANDTHE VILLAGES BEFORE 1949 Village Cooperative Movements

Cooperatives during the Yenan Period (1935-1946)

Village Organization and the Relationship

Conflict in the Village

Land Reform and the Revolutionary Terror

VILLAGE POLICY IN THE EARLY 1950’S A New Administrative System

VILLAGE POLICY IN THE MIDDLE 1 950'S The Creation of Agricultural Producers Cooperatives (APC's)

Problems of Cooperativization

APC's and Hsiang

The Pace of Cooperativization

Changes in the APC's

VILLAGE POLICY DURING THE GREAT LEAP FORWARD Policy Changes Late in 1957

The Campaign to Build Water Works

Changes in Work Organization

Amalgamating the APC's

The Emergence of the Communes

The Militarization of the Peasantry

The Nature of Commune Organization

Amalgamation of State and Society

The Retreat

The Commune in Historical Perspective

REFLECTIONS ON THE SOCIAL REVOLUTION

INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER I

ORGANIZATION

PARTY

ARMY

GOVERNMENT

SOCIETY

WORKERS AND PEASANTS

THE GREAT PROLETARIAN CULTURAL REVOLUTION

BIBLIOGRAPHY

INDEX FOR MAIN TEXT

INDEX FOR SUPPLEMENT

 

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Tags: Franz Schurmann, Ideology, Organization, Communist China

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