(Ebook) Fast Facts: Bladder Cancer - Third Edition by Seth P Lerner; Ian D Davis ISBN 9781910797648, 9781910797662, 9781235523236, 1235523233, 1910797642, 1910797669

(Ebook) Fast Facts: Bladder Cancer - Third Edition by Seth P Lerner; Ian D Davis ISBN 9781910797648, 9781910797662, 9781235523236, 1235523233, 1910797642, 1910797669

Bladder cancer accounts for significant cancer-related morbidity, mortality and healthcare expenditure in most parts of the world. The management of low-grade non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer has changed little in recent times, although surgical technology and techniques continue to improve. Intravesical immunotherapy with bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) remains the standard of care for high-grade non-muscle-invasive disease. Initial response rates are high with BCG but disease recurrence is common, and the risk of progression to muscle-invasive cancer increases with time since the first BCG treatment. Recent years have seen rapid advances in our understanding of the biology of bladder cancer, including the identification of molecular subtypes that are clinically significant. Perioperative systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy for localized muscle-invasive bladder cancer has now been widely adopted, although rates of use vary. Chemotherapy is still frequently used for advanced or metastatic bladder cancer. The most promising recent advance has been the development of immunotherapy approaches that target the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) axis and other immune checkpoints; five immunotherapies that target the PD-1 axis have recently been approved for use in advanced urothelial cancer, and numerous clinical trials are in progress across all stages of the disease and lines of treatment. Whilst these new treatments offer hope to patients, for clinicians there is a lot to understand in terms of how these immunotherapies are best used: who they are suitable for, the point at which each treatment should be used, and the sequencing of treatments for individual patients.Fast Facts: Bladder Cancer provides a concise guide to help clinicians and patients understand the evidence underlying various treatment options and approaches; it is not intended to be either exhaustive or exhausting. This third edition has been updated throughout, with significant updates to the chapter…