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ISBN 10: 0199608571
ISBN 13: 9780199608577
Author: David J Chalmers
David Chalmers develops a picture of reality on which all truths can be derived from a limited class of basic truths. The picture is inspired by Rudolf Carnap's construction of the world in Der Logische Aufbau Der Welt. Carnap's Aufbau is often seen as a noble failure, but Chalmers argues that a version of the project can succeed. With the right basic elements and the right derivation relation, we can indeed construct the world. The focal point of Chalmers' project is scrutability: the thesis that ideal reasoning from a limited class of basic truths yields all truths about the world. Chalmers first argues for the scrutability thesis and then considers how small the base can be. The result is a framework in "metaphysical epistemology": epistemology in service of a global picture of the world. The scrutability framework has ramifications throughout philosophy. Using it, Chalmers defends a broadly Fregean approach to meaning, argues for an internalist approach to the contents of thought, and rebuts W.V. Quine's arguments against the analytic and the a priori. He also uses scrutability to analyze the unity of science, to defend a sort of conceptual metaphysics, and to mount a structuralist response to skepticism. Based on Chalmers's 2010 John Locke lectures, Constructing the World opens up debate on central philosophical issues concerning knowledge, language, mind, and reality.
Chapter 1 Scrutability and the Aufbau
1 Primitive Concepts
2 Objections to the Aufbau
3 From Definitional to a priori Scrutability
4 From Descriptions to Intensions
5 The Scrutability base
6 Reviving the Aufbau
First Excursus: Scrutability and Knowability
Second Excursus: The Inscrutability of Reference and the Scrutability of Truth
Chapter 2 Varieties of Scrutability
1 Scrutability Theses
2 Sentences or Propositions?
3 Inferential Scrutability
4 Conditional Scrutability
5 A priori Scrutability
6 Generalized Scrutability
7 Idealization
8 Objections from Idealization
Third Excursus: Sentential and Propositional Scrutability
Fourth Excursus: Warrants and Support Structures
Fifth Excursus: Insulated Idealization and the Problem of Self-Doubt
Chapter 3 Adventures with a Cosmoscope
1 A scrutability base108
2 The Cosmoscope Argument
3 The Argument from Elimination
4 The argument from knowability
5 Inferential Scrutability with a Cosmoscope
6 Conditional Scrutability
7 The Objection from Recognitional Capacities
8 The Objection from Counterfactuals
Sixth Excursus: Totality Truths and Indexical Truths
Chapter 4 The Case for A Priori Scrutability
1 From Conditional to A Priori Scrutability
2 The Argument from Suspension of belief
3 The Argument from Frontloading
4 Causal roles, Mediating roles, and Justifying roles
5 Generalized A Priori Scrutability
6 Objections from self-knowledge
7 Objections from Theories of Concepts and Reference
8 Objections from Acquaintance and from Nonpropositional Evidence
9 The Objection from Empirical Inference
Seventh Excursus: Varieties of Apriority
Eighth Excursus: Recent Challenges to the A Priori
Chapter 5 Revisability and Conceptual Change
1 Introduction
2 The Arguments of ‘Two Dogmas’200
3 Carnap on Intensions
4 A Carnapian Response
5 Refining Carnap’s account
6 A Bayesian Analysis of holding-true
7 A Bayesian Analysis of Revisability
8 Quinean Objections
9 Conclusion
Ninth Excursus: Scrutability and Conceptual Dynamics
Tenth Excursus: Constructing Epistemic Space
Eleventh Excursus: Constructing Fregean Senses
Chapter 6 Hard Cases
1 Introduction
2 Mathematical truths
3 Normative and Evaluative truths
4 Ontological truths
5 Other Philosophical truths
6 Modal truths
7 Intentional truths
8 Social truths
9 Deferential terms
10 Names
11 Metalinguistic truths
12 Indexicals and Demonstratives
13 Vagueness
14 Secondary Qualities
15 Macrophysical truths
16 Counterfactual truths
17 Conclusion
Twelfth Excursus: Scrutability and the Unity of Science
Chapter 7 Minimizing the Base
1 Introduction
2 Heuristics
3 Microphysical Expressions
4 Color, other Secondary Qualities, and mass
5 Spatiotemporal Expressions
6 Causal and nomic Expressions
7 Phenomenal Expressions
8 Compression using laws
9 Quiddities
10 Other Expressions
11 Packages
Thirteenth Excursus: From the Aufbau to the Canberra Plan
Fourteenth Excursus: Epistemic Rigidity and Super-Rigidity
Chapter 8 The Structure of the World
1 Principled Scrutability bases
2 Definitional Scrutability (and Conceptual Analysis)
3 Analytic and Primitive Scrutability (and Primitive Concepts)
4 Narrow Scrutability (and narrow Content)
5 Acquaintance Scrutability (and Russellian Acquaintance)
6 Fundamental Scrutability (and the mind–body problem)
7 Structural Scrutability (and Structural Realism)
8 Generalized Scrutability (and Fregean content)
Summation: Whither the Aufbau?
Fifteenth Excursus: The Structuralist Response to Skepticism
Sixteenth Excursus: Scrutability, Supervenience, and Grounding
Seventeenth Excursus: Explaining Scrutability
Glossary
Tags: David J Chalmers, Constructing, World
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