(Ebook) Cambridge Textbook of Effective Treatments in Psychiatry 1st Edition by L Pachter ISBN 0521857007 9780521857000

(Ebook) Cambridge Textbook of Effective Treatments in Psychiatry 1st Edition by L Pachter ISBN 0521857007 9780521857000

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ISBN 10: 0521857007 
ISBN 13: 9780521857000
Author: L Pachter

This is a book of psychiatry at its most practical level. It aims to answer the sorts of questions psychiatrists ask on a daily basis. What treatments are available for the condition that I think this patient has? What is the relative value of each of these treatments? Are there any other treatments that I should be considering if a first approach has failed? Is there any value in combinations of treatment? And, can I be sure that the evidence and recommendations I read are free from bias? The content is organised into three sections covering disease classification, the major treatment modalities and the application of these treatments to the wide range of psychiatric diagnoses. All professionals in mental health want to give the best treatments for their patients. This book provides clinicians with the knowledge and guidance to achieve this aim.

(Ebook) Cambridge Textbook of Effective Treatments in Psychiatry 1st Table of contents:

Part I Introduction
1 Classification of psychiatric disorders and their principal treatments
Introduction
Validity of psychiatric diagnoses
Aetiology
Comorbidity
Natural history and course
Specificity of treatment
Comparison of Clinical Utility Total Scores (CUTs)
The current state of psychiatric diagnoses
Matching diagnosis, syndrome and treatment
Models of treatment for mental disorder
Choosing treatments from diagnosis: the example of mood disorders
The beginning starts here
References
2 The history of psychiatric therapies
Editor?s note
Introduction
Historiography
Presentism
Periodicity and incommensurability
Psychiatric concepts related to treatments
'Treatment resistance? and 'treatment effectiveness?
Chronicity and treatment resistance since the eighteenth century
Chronicity and psychiatry
Linking chronicity and treatment resistance
'Behavioural phenocopies?
The history of psychiatric treatments: from classical antiquity to the nineteenth century
Mental bothers derangements and their treatments
Drugs, remedies and mental disorders
Nineteenth century materia medica
'Psychopharmacology?
Insulin coma therapy
The convulsive therapies
Von Meduna?s early work
The early use of an electric stimulus
France
Germany
Great Britain
The origins of psychosurgery
Psychosurgery in Britain during the late nineteenth century
Burckhardt
Moniz
Discussion and conclusions
References
Part II Summary of treatment modalities in psychiatric disorders
3 A critical assessment of methods and processes used to develop psychiatric drug treatments
Editor?s note
Introduction
Models and methods used to test psychiatric drugs
General remarks
The gold standard: double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized controlled trial
Use of placebos in psychopharmacologic trial
Re-inventing psychiatric nosology: the linchpin of modern psychopharmacology
Interpretation of the psychopharmacology literature
Comments on meta-analyses of large databases
The pharmaceutical-industrial-complex
A limited review of evidence for antidepressants in various clinical populations and presentations
General comments on clinical trials to treat depressive illnesses
Relative efficacy of older versus newer antidepressants
Antidepressants for older primary care patients
Antidepressant use in the elderly
Depression in schizophrenic patients
Depression and substance abuse disorders
Efficacy of treatments in psychiatry as compared with other illnesses
Conclusions
References
4 Section I ? The efficacy and safety of electroconvulsive therapy
Editor?s note
Introduction
Efficacy in mood disorders
Major depression
Randomized controlled studies
Other recent studies
Psychotic depression
Effect on suicide risk
Acute mania
Catatonia/neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
Continuation ECT in mood disorders
Predictors of ECT response in mood disorders
Duration of illness and resistance to medication
Laboratory and ECT-related EEG parameters
Electrode placement
Hypothalamic-pituitary axes functioning and the dexamethasone suppression test
Direct comparisons with other treatments
ECT versus medication
Electroconvulsive therapy versus transcranial magnetic stimulation (also see Chapter 4)
The efficacy of ECT in psychotic disorders
Schizophrenia
Recent studies in ECT and schizophrenia
ECT in special circumstances
Pregnancy
ECT in children and adolescents
Geriatric patients
Persons with developmental disorders
Electroconvulsive therapy in the treatment of patients with neurological disorders
Epilepsy
Parkinson?s disease
Delirium
Stroke
Dementia
Other neurological conditions
ECT safety and side effects
Mortality
Common side effects and their tolerability
Cognition
Anterograde amnesia
Retrograde amnesia
Other cognitive functions
Long-term cognitive function
Brain structural, metabolic and neurochemical effects
Conclusions and recommendations
References
4 Section II ? Focal brain stimulation approaches to psychiatric treatment: Transcranial magnetic st
Editor?s note
Introduction
Lessons from ECT and the rationale for focal brain stimulation
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and magnetic seizure therapy (MST)
Evidence for the effectiveness of rTMS in psychiatry
Major depression
Mania
Schizophrenia
Panic disorder
Post-traumatic stress disorder
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
Evidence for the effectiveness of MST in major depression
Vagus nerve stimulation
Evidence for the effectiveness of VNS in psychiatry
Major depression
Deep brain stimulation
Evidence for the effectiveness of DBS in psychiatry
Obsessive-compulsive disorder and major depression
Transcranial direct current stimulation
Conclusions
References
5 The effectiveness of psychological treatments in psychiatry
Editor?s note
Introduction
Psychodynamic therapies
Behavioral and cognitive-behavioral therapies
Other approaches
Historical overview
Overall efficacy of treatment
Common factors in psychotherapy
Patient/client factors in therapy outcome
Therapist factors in therapy outcome
The role of the therapeutic alliance
Process research
The length of therapy
Conclusions
References
6 Educational interventions
Editor?s note
Summary
Introduction
Educational interventions for affective disorders
Interventions for patients and carers
Psycho-education
Self-help materials
Interventions for the general public
Interventions for health professionals
Direct educational intervention
Educational interventions as part of organized care pathways
Conclusions
Educational interventions for severe and enduring mental illness

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