(Ebook) Bridge Basics An Introduction 1st edition by Audrey Grant 0939460904 9780939460915

(Ebook) Bridge Basics An Introduction 1st edition by Audrey Grant 0939460904 9780939460915

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ISBN-10 :  0939460904 

ISBN-13 :  9780939460915 

Author: Audrey Grant 

The science of fingerprint identification isn‘t always cut and dry. This book examines the latest methods and techniques in the science of friction ridge identification, or ridgeology. The author examines every facet of the discipline, from the history of friction ridge identification to the scientific basis and the various steps of the identification process. The book, which features several detailed illustrations and photographs, also includes a new method for Palmar Flexion Crease Identification (palm lines) designed by the author and which has helped solve several criminal cases where fingerprints were not available.

Bridge Basics 1: An Introduction 1st Table of contents:

I Introduction
The First Step toward Quantitative-Qualitative Analysis
The Ridgeology Revolution
II History of Friction Ridge Identification
Primitive Knowledge
Kejimkujik Lake Petroglyph
L’ille de Gavrinis Stone Carvings
Middle East Clay Pottery
Fingerprint Trademarks in Clay
Chinese Clay Finger Seals
Chinese Hand Prints
Deed of Hand Mark
Other Identification Methods
Fingerprint Identification Reference (650 A.D.)
Japanese Customs Adopted from China
Early Knowledge of Friction Ridge Individuality
Early Pioneers
Thomas Bewick (1753-1828)
Sir William J. Herschel (1833-1917)
Dr. J.C.A. Mayer (1788)
Dr. Henry Faulds (1843-1930)
Thomas Taylor (1877)
Alphonse Bertillon (1853-1914)
Sir Francis Galton (1822-1911)
Troup Committee
Juan Vucetich (1855-1925)
The Rojas Murders
Sir Edward Henry (1850-1931)
Anthropometry in North America, 1897-1898
Fingerprinting in North America, 1877-1900
I. West Taber (1880)
Gilbert Thompson (1882)
Mark Twain (1894)
New York State (1903)
Fingerprinting in Canada (1904-1920)
Edward Foster (1863-1956)
Summary
Scientific Researchers
Nehemiah Grew (1641-1712)
Govard Bidloo (1685)
J.C.A. Mayer (1788)
Johannes Evangelista Purkinje (1787-1869)
Arthur Kollmann (1883)
H. Klaatsch (1888)
L. Reh (1894)
David Hepburn (1895)
Inez Whipple (1871-1929)
Harris Hawthorne Wilder (1864-1928)
Harold Cummins (1893-1976)
Alfred Hale (1952)
Summary and Conclusions
III The Friction Ridge Medium
The Structure of Friction Skin
Friction Ridges
Friction Ridge Breadth
Ridge Units and Pores
Specific Ridge Path
Incipient Friction Ridges
Friction Ridge Imbrication
Overall Friction Ridge Pattern
Friction Skin Histology
Epidermis
Generating Layer
Epidermal Cells
Primary Epidermal Ridges
Secondary Epidermal Ridges
Dermis
Dermal Papillae
Effects of Injury or Disease
Friction Ridge Immutability
Flexion Creases
Summary
The Growth of Friction Skin
The Epidermis
Volar Pads
Overall Pattern Flow
Localized Pattern Configuration
Localized Pattern Trend
Primary Ridges
Secondary Ridges
Blood Vessel-Nerve Pairs
Major Ridge Path Deviations
The Uniqueness of Friction Ridge Configuration
Aberrant Formation of Friction Ridges
Summary
IV The Identification Process
The Premises of Friction Ridge Identification
The First Premises of Friction Ridge Identification
Friction Ridges Develop on the Fetus in Their Definitive Form before Birth
Summary of the First Premise
The Second Premise of Friction Ridge Identification
Friction Ridges Are Persistent throughout Life Except for Permanent Scarring
Summary of the Second Premise
The Third Premise of Friction Ridge Identification
Friction Ridge Patterns and the Details in Small Areas of Friction Ridges Are Unique and Never Repeated
Summary of the Third Premise
Clarity
The Two Aspects of Clarity
Clarity and Levels of Friction Ridge Detail
First Level Detail
Second Level Detail
Third Level Detail
Summary
The Philosophy of Friction Ridge Identification
Friction Ridge Formations
Sequence
Having Sufficient Uniqueness
To Individualize
How Much Is Enough?
Human Sight
Summary of Human Sight
Methodology of Friction Ridge Identification
Friction Ridge Analysis
Substrate Distortion
Matrix Particulars
Development Media
Deposition Pressure
Pressure Distortion
Red Flags
Anatomical Aspects
Clarity
Ridge Path Configuration
Intrinsic Ridge Formations
Cluster Identifications
Analysis Summary
Friction Ridge Comparison
First Level Detail
Second Level Detail
Third Level Details
Friction Ridge Evaluation
Elimination
Individualization
Insufficient Uniqueness to Individualize
Verification
V Poroscopy and Edgeoscopy
Poroscopy
Dr. Edmond Locard
Comparison of Relative Pore Location
Edgeoscopy
Edgeoscopy
Salii K. Chatterjee
VI Friction Ridge Analysis Report
Analysis of Unknown Fingerprint
Substrate Distortion
Matrix Particulars
Development Medium
Deposition Pressure
Pressure Distortion
Clarity
Comparison of Unknown to Known
Ridge Path
Furrows
Major Ridge Path Deviations
Sequence
Area of Slippage
Amount of Slippage
Evaluation
Verification
VII Ridgeology Formula
VIII An Introduction to Palmar Flexion Crease Identification
Introduction
Nomenclature
Embryology
Chronology
Genetics and Uniqueness
Persistency
Flexion Crease Comparison
Conclusions
Postscript
Ken Luff F.F.S. (New Scotland Yard) President of the Fingerprint Society
Palmar Flexion Crease Identification Process
Philosophy of Palmar Flexion Crease Identification
Methodology of Palmar Flexion Crease Identification
Analysis
Comparison
Evaluation
Verification
Flexion Crease Evidence Presented in Court
Sulphur Springs, Texas, 1995
St. John’s, Newfoundland, 1996
IX The Beginning
Bibliography
Glossary

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