Associations of Concurrent Hypertension and Type 2 DiabetesWith Mortality Outcomes: A Prospective Study of U.S. Adults by Ye Yuan, Carmen R. Isasi, Tala Al-Rousan, Arnab K. Ghosh, Pricila H. Mullachery, Priya Palta, instant download

Associations of Concurrent Hypertension and Type 2 DiabetesWith Mortality Outcomes: A Prospective Study of U.S. Adults by Ye Yuan, Carmen R. Isasi, Tala Al-Rousan, Arnab K. Ghosh, Pricila H. Mullachery, Priya Palta, instant download

OBJECTIVEORIGINAL ARTICLETo investigate associations of concurrent hypertension and type 2 diabetes (T2D)with mortality in U.S. adults and elucidate differences by sex, race, and ethnicity.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSThe study population included 48,727 adults from the 1999–2018 National Healthand Nutrition Examination Surveys. Participants were categorized into four mutually exclusive categories: 1) no hypertension and no T2D, 2) hypertension only,3) T2D only, and 4) coexisting hypertension and T2D. Outcomes were all-causeand cardiovascular mortality defined using ICD-10 codes. Kaplan-Meier curvesand multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate associations of hypertension and T2D status with mortality risk.1Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School ofRESULTSPublic Health, Columbia University Irving MedicalCenter, New York, NY2Department of Epidemiology and PopulationThe burden of concurrent hypertension and T2D doubled between 1999 and 2018Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,from 6% to 12%. Overall, 50.5% of participants did not have T2D or hypertension,Bronx, NY3Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and38.4% had hypertension only, 2.4% had T2D only, and 8.7% had both. During a9.2-year median follow-up, 7,734 deaths occurred. Concurrent hypertension andHuman Longevity, University of California, SanDiego, San Diego, CAT2D versus no hypertension or T2D predicted higher all-cause (hazard ratio 2.464Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical[95% CI 2.45, 2.47]) and cardiovascular mortality risk (2.97 [2.94, 3.00]), with stronCollege, New York, NY5Department of Health Services Administrationger associations in females versus males (P for interaction <0.01). Compared withand Policy, College of Public Health, Templehaving hypertension or T2D only, concurrent hypertension and T2D predicted up toUniversity, Philadelphia, PA66% and more than twofold higher all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk, re6Department of Neurology, Un