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Available4.6
29 reviews
ISBN 10: 0804040346
ISBN 13: 9780804040341
Author: David E W Fenner
The various lenses―ethical, political, sexual, religious, and so forth―through which we may view art are often instrumental in giving us an appreciation of the work. In Art in Context: Understanding Aesthetic Value, philosopher David Fenner presents a straightforward, accessible overview of the arguments about the importance of considering the relevant context in determining the true merit of a work of art.
Art in Context is a systematic, historically situated, and historically evidenced attempt to demonstrate the importance of considering contexts that will, in the vast majority of cases, increase the aesthetic experience. While focusing on distance, detachment, aestheticism, art for art’s sake, and formalism can at times be instructive and interesting, such approaches risk missing the larger and often central issue of the piece.
Based on the findings of philosophers and critics, and on artwork throughout
history, Art in Context provides a solid foundation for understanding and valuing a work of art in perspective as well as within the particular world in which it exists.
Preface – xiii
Acknowledgments – xvii
Introduction – 1
The Public Art Museum – 2
The Advent of Art Museums as Decontextualized Spaces and the Advent of Disinterest Theory – 6
Chapter One: A Theory of “The Aesthetic” – 17
Defining the Aesthetic – 18
Aesthetic Experience as Basic – 18
Describing Aesthetic Experience – 24
Aesthetic Experience as a Psychological Phenomenon – 26
Formal Analysis – 26
External Factors – 27
Associations – 30
Contexts – 32
An Inductivist Approach to Understanding Aesthetic Experience – 36
Lessons on Defining the Aesthetic – 40
Chapter Two: The Value of Art – 43
Intrinsic Value Accounts and Anita Silvers’s Revisionism – 44
Instrumental Value Accounts – 49
Monroe C. Beardsley’s Aesthetic Account – 50
Considering Beardsley’s Account – 51
Nelson Goodman’s Cognitivist Account – 54
Considering Goodman’s Account – 57
Leo Tolstoy’s Affective Account – 62
Considering Tolstoy’s Account – 63
Alan H. Goldman’s Alternative World Account – 66
Considering Goldman’s Account – 67
The Modification Problem – 67
A Noninstrumental Extrinsic Value Account – 71
Lessons on Value Accounts – 78
Chapter Three: Disinterest Theory and Formalist Theory – 80
Disinterest as the Basis for Aesthetic Judgment – 81
Lord Shaftesbury – 82
Francis Hutcheson – 84
Joseph Addison – 86
Archibald Alison – 87
David Hume – 89
Immanuel Kant – 92
Disinterest as the Basis for Aesthetic Experience – 95
Arthur Schopenhauer – 96
Edward Bullough and Psychical Distance – 99
Jerome Stolnitz – 104
Disinterest Theory Summarized – 108
Formalism – 110
Chapter Four: Contextualist Theory – 122
On Aesthetic Perspective – 124
Feminist Aesthetics as “Meta-Aesthetics” – 124
The View from Somewhere – 127
Aesthetic Experience – 131
George Santayana – 131
Roger Scruton – 132
John Dewey – 134
Anita Silvers – 136
Monroe Beardsley – 137
Frank Sibley – 139
Arnold Berleant – 140
Allen Carlson – 141
The Nature of Art and Artworks – 144
Morris Weitz – 145
Arthur Danto – 145
Jerrold Levinson – 147
Kendall Walton – 148
Stephen Davies – 149
Internal and External Rules for a Given Work of Art – 150
Moral, Ethical, Social, and Political Considerations – 155
Plato – 155
Leo Tolstoy – 156
Noël Carroll – 158
Berys Gaut – 160
Marcia Muelder Eaton – 161
Mary Devereaux – 163
Disinterest Theory Under Assault – 164
Chapter Five: Issues of Definition – 167
Modern Art – 167
Functional Art and Architecture – 173
Example One: Wright’s Barrel Chair – 178
Example Two: Automobile Styling – 179
Example Three: Theater Design – 179
Dance – 185
Chapter Six: Issues Concerning the Power of Art – 196
Emotion – 196
Expressivist Theory – 199
Inspiration – 202
Catharsis – 205
Humor – 208
Identification – 213
Personal Identification – 213
Gender and Sex – 216
Ethnicity – 217
Nationality and Politics – 219
Class – 220
Religious Identity – 221
Imagination – 225
Chapter Seven: Issues of Meaningfulness – 228
Political Meaningfulness – 230
Political Art Theory and Karl Marx – 232
Political Art Theory and Mao Tse-tung – 234
Nationalist Art – 237
Political Context and the Value of Art – 245
Religious Meaningfulness – 246
Ritual – 253
Institutional Rituals – 254
Social Rituals – 255
Personal Rituals – 255
Elements in Common – 255
Rituals and Function – 260
Chapter Eight: Science and Contextualist Aesthetics – 262
Aesthetic Properties and Scientific Theory – 263
Aesthetic versus Epistemic Considerations – 263
Positive Environmental Aesthetics – 270
Aesthetic Approaches in Social-Scientific Research – 273
Qualitative and Quantitative Methodologies – 273
Making a Methodological Choice – 278
Contextualism in Social-Scientific Research – 282
Chapter Nine: A Review of the Arguments and Evidence – 285
Supporting Arguments – 286
The Nature of Aesthetic Attention – 286
Revisionist Art Evaluation – 287
Feminist Aesthetics – 288
Aesthetic Experience – 288
The Nature of Art and Artworks – 289
Moral, Ethical, Social, and Political Considerations – 289
The Unnaturalness of Disinterest – 290
Decontextualism and Elitism – 291
The Internal and External Logics of Artworks – 292
Appreciating Aesthetic Properties – 292
The Relativity of Taste – 293
Premise One: The Theoretical, Major Premise – 293
Premise Two: The Empirical, Evidentiary Premise – 297
Evidence Set One: Defining Modern Art – 298
Evidence Set Two: Defining Architecture – 298
Evidence Set Three: Defining Dance – 299
Evidence Set Four: Emotion and Inspiration – 299
Evidence Set Five: Emotion and Catharsis – 300
Evidence Set Six: Emotion and Humor – 300
Evidence Set Seven: Personal Identification – 300
Evidence Set Eight: Identification, Gender, and Sex – 301
Evidence Set Nine: Identification and Ethnicity – 301
Evidence Set Ten: Identification, Nationality, and Politics – 301
Evidence Set Eleven: Identification and Class – 302
Evidence Set Twelve: Religious Identification – 302
Evidence Set Thirteen: Imagination – 302
Evidence Set Fourteen: Political Meaningfulness – 303
Evidence Set Fifteen: Religious Meaningfulness – 303
Evidence Set Sixteen: The Nature of Ritual – 303
Final Remarks – 304
Notes – 307
Bibliography – 331
Index – [Unnumbered]
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